True innovation drives economic growth through several key mechanisms: 1. Productivity Improvements - New technologies and methods allow more output from the same inputs - Examples: Assembly lines, computers, automation systems 2. New Market Creation - Entirely new products/services create additional economic activity - Examples: Smartphones created the app economy, EVs spawning charging networks 3.[...]

Abstract The paper analyzes N. D. Kondratieff's approach to the construction of a general theory of dynamics, presented in his unfinished work ‘Basic Problems of Economic Statics and Dynamics’, written in prison. The approach proposed by Kondratieff is considered in the context of the discussion of this problem in the West, including in connection with[...]

Based on an analysis of primary historical asset bubbles, the average price collapse has been approximately 80%. However, the severity varies significantly depending on the type of asset and market conditions: Most Severe: The Dutch Tulip Mania (1637) saw a nearly complete collapse of 99%, making it the most dramatic bubble burst in recorded history.[...]

Economic growth follows an S-curve, tapering off throughout a LongWave.   A fundamental economic reality is often misunderstood: While economies do expand at rates beyond simple arithmetic progression, they don't achieve true geometric growth. Instead, they follow an S-curve pattern - rapid initial growth that gradually decreases as the business cycle matures. The critical issue[...]

Joseph Schumpeter (1883-1950) was an influential Austrian-American economist and political scientist. He is best known for his theories on capitalist development and entrepreneurship. Some key points about Joseph Schumpeter: - He popularized the concept of "creative destruction" - the cyclical process of industrial mutation that incessantly revolutionizes the economic structure from within, incessantly destroying the[...]

  This is where the Economic LongWave, or Kondratieff cycle, and Martin Armstrong's model differ in the following critical ways: 1. Cycle Basis - Kondratieff Cycle (Economic LongWave): This model runs on long-term economic cycles stimulated by technological innovation, capital investment, and debt accumulation. It posits that economies go through foreseeable phases—Spring, which is expansion; Summer,[...]